Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv txoj cai hluav taws xob cable hom, qhov loj me, thiab kev teeb tsa

Hauv cov kab hluav taws xob, qhov hluav taws xob feem ntau yog ntsuas hauv volts (V), thiab cov cables raug cais raws li lawv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob qhia tau hais tias qhov kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws uas lub cable tuaj yeem ua tau zoo. Ntawm no yog cov hom hluav taws xob tseem ceeb rau cables, lawv cov kev siv sib txuas, thiab cov qauv:

1. Tsawg Voltage (LV) Cables

• Voltage NtauLub hwj chim: 1 kV (1000V)
• Daim ntawv thov: Siv nyob rau hauv vaj tse, kev lag luam, thiab kev lag luam vaj tse rau kev faib hluav taws xob, teeb pom kev zoo, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsawg.
• Cov Standards:
  • TS EN 60227-IEC: Rau PVC insulated cables (siv rau hauv lub hwj chim faib).
  • IEC 60502: Ua: Rau cov kab hluav taws xob tsawg.
  • SIB 6004: Rau PVC-insulated cables.
  • UAS 62: Rau cov hlua hloov tau yooj yim hauv Asmeskas

2. Nruab nrab Voltage (MV) Cables

• Voltage Ntau1 kV rau 36 kV
• Daim ntawv thov: Siv nyob rau hauv kev xa hluav taws xob thiab kev sib txuas, feem ntau yog siv rau kev lag luam lossis kev siv hluav taws xob.
• Cov Standards:
  • IEC 60502-2: 2: Rau nruab nrab-voltage cables.
  • IEC 60840 (TSI): Rau cables siv nyob rau hauv high-voltage networks.
  • TIAB SA 383: Rau high-temperature-resistant cables siv nyob rau hauv fais fab nroj tsuag.

3. High Voltage (HV) Cables

• Voltage Ntau36 kV rau 245 kV
• Daim ntawv thov: Siv nyob rau hauv kev sib kis mus ntev ntawm hluav taws xob, high-voltage substations, thiab rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob.
• Cov Standards:
  • IEC 60840 (TSI): Rau high-voltage cables.
  • IEC 62067 (TSI): Rau cables siv nyob rau hauv high-voltage AC thiab DC kis tau tus mob.
  • TIAB SA 48: Rau kev kuaj cov kab hluav taws xob siab.

4. Ntxiv High Voltage (EHV) Cables

• Voltage Ntau245 kV: siab
• Daim ntawv thov: Rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob ultra-high-voltage (siv hauv kev sib kis ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntev ntev).
• Cov Standards:
  • IEC 60840 (TSI): Rau cov kab hluav taws xob ntxiv.
  • IEC 62067 (TSI): Muaj feem xyuam rau cables rau high-voltage DC kis tau tus mob.
  • TIAB SA 400: Kev sim thiab cov qauv rau EHV cable systems.

5. Tshwj xeeb Voltage Cables (xws li, Tsawg-Voltage DC, Solar Cables)

• Voltage Ntau: Sib txawv, tab sis feem ntau qis dua 1 kV
• Daim ntawv thov: Siv rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb xws li lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, tsheb fais fab, lossis kev sib txuas lus.
• Cov Standards:
  • IEC 60287 (TSI): Rau kev xam cov peev xwm nqa tam sim no rau cables.
  • TIAB SA 4703: Rau hnub ci cables.
  • TUV: Rau cov ntawv pov thawj hnub ci cable (xws li TÜV 2PfG 1169/08.2007).

Low Voltage (LV) Cables thiab High Voltage (HV) Cables tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom, txhua tus tsim los rau kev siv tshwj xeeb raws li lawv cov khoom siv, kev tsim kho, thiab ib puag ncig. Nov yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws:

Tsawg Voltage (LV) Cables Subtypes:

1. Fais fab faib Cables

   • Kev piav qhia: Cov no yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg tshaj plaws rau kev faib hluav taws xob hauv tsev, chaw lag luam, thiab chaw tsim khoom.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Fais fab mov rau cov tsev thiab tshuab.
     • Distribution panels, switchboards, thiab general power circuits.
   • Qauv qauvIEC 60227 (PVC-insulated), IEC 60502-1 (rau lub hom phiaj dav).

2. Armored Cables (Steel Wire Armored - SWA, Txhuas Hlau Armored - AWA)

   • Kev piav qhia: Cov cables no muaj cov hlau los yog txhuas hlau armor txheej rau kev tiv thaiv cov neeg kho tshuab ntxiv, ua rau lawv haum rau sab nraum zoov thiab kev lag luam ib puag ncig uas muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Kev teeb tsa hauv av.
     • Industrial machinery thiab khoom siv.
     • Kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov hauv qhov chaw hnyav.
   • Qauv qauvIEC 60502-1, BS 5467, thiab BS 6346.

3. Roj Hmab Cables (Txhim Kho Roj Hmab Cables)

   • Kev piav qhia: Cov cables no yog ua los ntawm cov roj hmab rwb thaiv tsev thiab sheathing, muab kev yooj yim thiab durability. Lawv tau tsim los siv rau hauv kev sib txuas ib ntus lossis hloov tau yooj yim.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Mobile machinery (piv txwv li, cranes, forklifts).
     • Kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob ib ntus.
     • Hluav taws xob tsheb, chaw tsim kho, thiab kev siv sab nraum zoov.
   • Qauv qauvIEC 60245 (H05RR-F, H07RN-F), UL 62 (rau cov hlua hloov tau).

4. Halogen-dawb (tsawg haus luam yeeb) Cables

   • Kev piav qhia: Cov cables no siv cov khoom tsis muaj halogen, ua rau lawv haum rau ib puag ncig uas muaj kev nyab xeeb hluav taws yog qhov tseem ceeb. Thaum hluav taws kub, lawv tawm cov pa taws tsawg thiab tsis tsim cov pa phem.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Tshav dav hlau, tsev kho mob, thiab tsev kawm ntawv (public vaj tse).
     • Cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev nyab xeeb hluav taws yog qhov tseem ceeb.
     • Subways, tunnels, thiab cov cheeb tsam nyob ze.
   • Qauv qauvIEC 60332-1 (kev coj cwj pwm hluav taws), EN 50267 (rau cov pa luam yeeb tsawg).

5. Tswj Cables

   • Kev piav qhia: Cov no yog siv los xa cov teeb liab tswj lossis cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov tshuab uas tsis tas yuav siv hluav taws xob. Lawv muaj ntau yam insulated conductors, feem ntau nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv compact.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Automation systems (xws li kev tsim khoom, PLCs).
     • Tswj vaj huam sib luag, teeb pom kev zoo, thiab kev tswj lub cev muaj zog.
   • Qauv qauvDaim ntawv pov thawj: IEC 60227, IEC 60502-1.

6. Solar Cables (Photovoltaic Cables)

   • Kev piav qhia: Tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev siv hauv lub hnub ci fais fab. Lawv yog UV-resistant, weatherproof, thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Hnub ci fais fab kev teeb tsa (photovoltaic systems).
     • Txuas lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag rau inverter.
   • Qauv qauv: TÜV 2PfG 1169/08.2007, UL 4703.

7. Flat Cables

   • Kev piav qhia: Cov cables no muaj cov ntaub ntawv tiaj tus, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau siv rau hauv qhov chaw nruj thiab thaj chaw uas cov kab sib txuas yuav loj dhau.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Kev faib hluav taws xob hauv tsev nyob hauv qhov chaw txwv.
     • Cov khoom siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm lossis khoom siv.
   • Qauv qauvDaim ntawv no: IEC 60227, UL 62.

8. Hluav taws kub-Resistant Cables

   • Cables rau Emergency Systems:
     Cov cables no yog tsim los tswj hluav taws xob conductivity thaum muaj hluav taws kub heev. Lawv ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm cov txheej txheem xwm txheej ceev xws li lub tswb, cov pa luam yeeb, thiab cov twj tua hluav taws.
     Daim ntawv thov: Kev kub ceev hauv cov chaw pej xeem, hluav taws xob kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov tsev uas muaj neeg nyob siab.

9. Instrumentation Cables

   • Shielded Cables rau Kev Tshaj Tawm:
     Cov cables no yog tsim los rau kev sib kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teeb liab hauv ib puag ncig nrog kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob siab (EMI). Lawv tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob teeb liab poob thiab kev cuam tshuam sab nraud, kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub ntawv xa mus tau zoo.
     Daim ntawv thov: Muaj kev teeb tsa, cov ntaub ntawv xa mus, thiab thaj chaw uas muaj EMI siab.

10. Tshwj xeeb Cables

    • Cables rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb:
      Cov kab hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb yog tsim los rau kev teeb tsa niche, xws li teeb pom kev ib ntus ntawm kev lag luam fairs, kev sib txuas rau cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm cranes, cov twj tso kua mis submerged, thiab cov dej huv huv. Cov kab hluav taws xob no tau tsim rau qee qhov chaw xws li thoob dej yug ntses, pas dej da dej, lossis lwm yam kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb.
      Daim ntawv thov: Kev teeb tsa ib ntus, submerged systems, thoob dej yug ntses, pas dej da dej, thiab cov tshuab ua haujlwm.

11. Aluminium Cables

    • Aluminium Fais Fab Kis Cables:
      Aluminium cables yog siv rau kev xa hluav taws xob thiab kev faib tawm hauv ob qho tib si sab hauv tsev thiab sab nraum zoov. Lawv yog lub teeb yuag thiab tus nqi tsim nyog, tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj loj.
      Daim ntawv thov: Kev xa hluav taws xob, kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov thiab hauv av, thiab kev faib khoom loj.

Nruab nrab Voltage (MV) Cables

1. RHZ1 Cables

• XLPE Insulated Cables:
  Cov cables no yog tsim los rau nruab nrab voltage tes hauj lwm nrog cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) rwb thaiv tsev. Lawv tsis muaj halogen-dawb thiab tsis muaj nplaim taws, ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau kev thauj mus los ntawm lub zog thiab kev faib tawm hauv nruab nrab voltage tes hauj lwm.
  Daim ntawv thov: Nruab nrab voltage fais fab kev faib, kev thauj mus los.

2. HEPRZ1 Cables

• HEPR Insulated Cables:
  Cov cables no muaj lub zog-resistant polyethylene (HEPR) rwb thaiv tsev thiab tsis muaj halogen. Lawv yog cov zoo tagnrho rau nruab nrab voltage hluav taws xob kis tau tus mob nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas hluav taws kev nyab xeeb yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb.
  Daim ntawv thov: Nruab nrab voltage tes hauj lwm, hluav taws kub-rhiab qhov chaw.

3. MV-90 Cables

• XLPE Insulated Cables raws li American Standards:
  Tsim los rau nruab nrab voltage tes hauj lwm, cov cables no ua tau raws li American qauv rau XLPE rwb thaiv tsev. Lawv yog siv los thauj thiab faib hluav taws xob yam xyuam xim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab voltage hluav taws xob systems.
  Daim ntawv thov: Fais fab kis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab voltage tes hauj lwm.

4. RHVhMVh Cables

• Cables rau kev siv tshwj xeeb:
  Cov tooj liab thiab txhuas cables no tshwj xeeb tsim los rau ib puag ncig uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov roj, tshuaj, thiab hydrocarbons. Lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev teeb tsa hauv qhov chaw hnyav, xws li cov nroj tsuag tshuaj.
  Daim ntawv thov: Cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luam, thaj chaw muaj tshuaj lom neeg lossis roj raug.

High Voltage (HV) Cables Subtypes:

1. High Voltage Fais Fab Cables

   • Kev piav qhia: Cov cables no yog siv los xa cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob mus ntev ntawm qhov hluav taws xob siab (feem ntau 36 kV txog 245 kV). Lawv yog insulated nrog txheej ntawm cov khoom uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus high voltages.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Cov kab hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob (cov kab hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob).
     • Substations thiab fais fab nroj tsuag.
   • Qauv qauvDaim ntawv no: IEC 60840, IEC 62067.

2. XLPE Cables (Cross-Linked Polyethylene Insulated Cables)

   • Kev piav qhia: Cov kab hluav taws xob no muaj qhov sib txuas ntawm polyethylene rwb thaiv tsev uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws, tiv thaiv tshav kub, thiab kav ntev. Feem ntau siv rau kev siv nruab nrab mus rau high voltage.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Kev faib hluav taws xob hauv kev lag luam.
     • Cov kab hluav taws xob substation.
     • Kev xa mus ntev.
   • Qauv qauvDaim ntawv no: IEC 60502, IEC 60840, UL 1072.

3. Roj-Filled Cables

   • Kev piav qhia: Cables nrog roj filling nruab nrab ntawm cov conductors thiab rwb thaiv tsev txheej rau enhanced dielectric zog thiab txias. Cov no yog siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas xav tau qhov hluav taws xob siab heev.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Offshore roj rigs.
     • Sib sib zog nqus hiav txwv thiab underwater kis tau tus mob.
     • Muaj kev xav tau kev lag luam teeb tsa.
   • Qauv qauvDaim ntawv no: IEC 60502-1, IEC 60840.

4. Gas-Insulated Cables (GIL)

   • Kev piav qhia: Cov cables no siv roj (feem ntau yog sulfur hexafluoride) ua ib qho nruab nrab insulating es tsis txhob siv cov khoom siv. Lawv feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas qhov chaw txwv.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • High-density nroog cheeb tsam (substations).
     • Cov xwm txheej yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg siab hauv kev xa hluav taws xob (xws li cov phiaj xwm hauv nroog).
   • Qauv qauvDaim ntawv pov thawj: IEC 62271-204, IEC 60840.

5. Submarine Cables

   • Kev piav qhia: Tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev xa hluav taws xob hauv qab dej, cov cables no tau tsim los tiv thaiv dej ingress thiab siab. Lawv feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv intercontinental los yog offshore renewable zog systems.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Kev xa hluav taws xob hauv qab hiav txwv ntawm lub tebchaws lossis cov Islands tuaj.
     • Offshore cua ua liaj ua teb, underwater zog systems.
   • Qauv qauvDaim ntawv no: IEC 60287, IEC 60840.

6. HVDC Cables (High Voltage Direct Tam sim no)

   • Kev piav qhia: Cov kab hluav taws xob no yog tsim los rau kev xa hluav taws xob ncaj qha (DC) lub zog hla qhov ntev ntawm qhov hluav taws xob siab. Lawv yog siv rau high-efficiency fais fab kis mus rau qhov ntev heev.
   • Daim ntawv thov:
     • Kev xa hluav taws xob mus ntev.
     • Txuas cov phiajcim hluav taws xob los ntawm thaj chaw sib txawv lossis lub tebchaws.
   • Qauv qauvDaim ntawv no: IEC 60287, IEC 62067.

Cheebtsam ntawm Hluav Taws Xob Cables

Ib qho hluav taws xob cable muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb, txhua qhov ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb los xyuas kom meej tias lub cable ua tiav nws lub hom phiaj kom nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hluav taws xob cable muaj xws li:

1. Tus coj

Covtus thawj cojyog lub hauv paus ntawm lub cable los ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no ntws. Nws feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, xws li tooj liab lossis txhuas. Tus neeg xyuas pib yog lub luag haujlwm nqa lub zog hluav taws xob los ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov.

Hom Conductors:

• Bare Copper Conductor:

  • Kev piav qhia: Copper yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv dav siv ntau tshaj plaws vim nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev thiab tiv thaiv corrosion. Cov tooj liab liab liab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev faib hluav taws xob thiab cov hluav taws xob qis.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Fais fab cables, tswj cov kab hluav taws xob, thiab xaim hluav taws xob hauv tsev thiab chaw tsim khoom.

• Tinned Copper Conductor:

  • Kev piav qhia: Tinned tooj liab yog tooj liab uas tau coated nrog ib txheej nyias ntawm tin los txhim kho nws cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab oxidation. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab tau nyob rau hauv marine ib puag ncig los yog qhov twg cov cables raug rau huab cua hnyav.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Cables siv nyob rau hauv sab nraum zoov los yog ib puag ncig uas muaj av noo, marine daim ntaub ntawv.

• Aluminium Conductor:

  • Kev piav qhia: Aluminium yog qhov sib dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau tooj liab. Txawm hais tias txhuas muaj qhov hluav taws xob qis dua tooj liab, nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv high-voltage fais fab kis tau tus mob thiab nyob deb cables vim nws lub teeb yuag zog.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Fais fab faib cables, nruab nrab thiab high-voltage cables, aerial cables.

• Aluminium Alloy Conductor:

  • Kev piav qhia: Aluminium alloy conductors muab txhuas nrog me me ntawm lwm yam hlau, xws li magnesium los yog silicon, los txhim kho lawv lub zog thiab conductivity. Lawv feem ntau yog siv rau cov kab hluav taws xob overhead.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Cov kab hluav taws xob overhead, nruab nrab-voltage faib.

2. rwb thaiv tsev

Covrwb thaiv tsevnyob ib ncig ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob poob siab thiab luv luv Circuit Court. Cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev raug xaiv raws li lawv lub peev xwm tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, thermal, thiab ib puag ncig kev ntxhov siab.

Hom Insulation:

• PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) rwb thaiv tsev:

  • Kev piav qhia: PVC yog cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev dav siv rau cov hluav taws xob qis thiab nruab nrab. Nws yog yoog raws, ruaj, thiab muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rau kev puas tsuaj thiab ya raws.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Fais fab cables, hluav taws xob hauv tsev, thiab tswj cables.

• XLPE (Cross-Linked Polyethylene) rwb thaiv tsev:

  • Kev piav qhia: XLPE yog cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev zoo uas tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, hluav taws xob kev nyuaj siab, thiab tshuaj lom neeg degradation. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau nruab nrab thiab high voltage cables.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Nruab nrab thiab high voltage cables, fais fab cables rau industrial thiab sab nraum zoov siv.

• EPR (Ethylene Propylene Rubber) rwb thaiv tsev:

  • Kev piav qhia: EPR rwb thaiv tsev muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev, thermal stability, thiab tsis kam mus ya raws thiab tshuaj. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau yoog raws thiab check rwb thaiv tsev.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Fais fab cables, saj zawg zog industrial cables, high-temperature puag ncig.

• Rwb thaiv tsev:

  • Kev piav qhia: Roj hmab rwb thaiv tsev yog siv rau cables yuav tsum tau yooj thiab resilience. Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas cov cables yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv txhua yam kev ntxhov siab lossis kev txav mus los.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Cov khoom siv txawb, vuam cables, kev lag luam machinery.

• Halogen-dawb rwb thaiv tsev (LSZH - Tsawg Smoke Zero Halogen):

  • Kev piav qhia: LSZH cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev yog tsim los tawm me me kom tsis muaj pa taws thiab tsis muaj halogen gases thaum raug hluav taws, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau ib puag ncig uas yuav tsum tau muaj cov qauv kev nyab xeeb hluav taws kub.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Pej xeem vaj tse, tunnels, tshav dav hlau, tswj cables nyob rau hauv cov hluav taws kub-rhiab.

3. Kev tiv thaiv

Tiv thaivfeem ntau ntxiv rau cables los tiv thaiv tus neeg xyuas pib thiab rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam (EMI) lossis xov tooj cua zaus cuam tshuam (RFI). Nws kuj tseem siv tau los tiv thaiv lub cable los ntawm emitting electromagnetic hluav taws xob.

Hom Shielding:

• Copper Braid shielding:

  • Kev piav qhia: Copper braids muab kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv EMI thiab RFI. Lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob thiab cov kab hluav taws xob uas cov teeb liab zaus yuav tsum tau xa mus yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Cov ntaub ntawv cables, teeb liab cables, thiab rhiab electronics.

• Aluminium Ntawv Nyiaj Shielding:

  • Kev piav qhia: Aluminium foil shields yog siv los muab lub teeb yuag thiab yoog raws kev tiv thaiv EMI. Lawv feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov cables xav tau kev hloov pauv siab thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm siab.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Yooj yim teeb liab cables, low-voltage fais fab cables.

• Foil thiab Braid Combination Shielding:

  • Kev piav qhia: Hom kev tiv thaiv no sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntawv ci thiab cov braids los muab kev tiv thaiv ob qho kev cuam tshuam thaum tswj kev hloov pauv.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Muaj teeb liab cables, rhiab tswj systems, instrumentation cables.

4. Jacket (Outer Sheath)

Covlub tshoyog txheej txheej sab nraud ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob, uas muab kev tiv thaiv txhua yam thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig xws li ya raws, tshuaj lom neeg, UV hluav taws xob, thiab hnav lub cev.

Hom Jackets:

• PVC Jacket:

  • Kev piav qhia: Cov tsho PVC muab kev tiv thaiv yooj yim tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj, dej, thiab qee yam tshuaj. Lawv yog dav siv nyob rau hauv general-purpose hwj chim thiab tswj cables.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws xob, cov hom phiaj dav dav.

• Rubber Jacket:

  • Kev piav qhia: Cov tsho roj hmab yog siv rau cov cables uas xav tau kev hloov pauv thiab ua haujlwm siab rau cov neeg kho tshuab kev ntxhov siab thiab hnyav ib puag ncig.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Kev lag luam yooj yim cables, vuam cables, sab nraum zoov fais fab cables.

• Polyethylene (PE) Jacket:

  • Kev piav qhia: PE tsho yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas cov cable raug rau sab nraum zoov thiab xav tau tiv thaiv UV hluav taws xob, noo noo, thiab tshuaj lom neeg.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Sab nraum zoov fais fab cables, telecommunications cables, underground installations.

• Halogen-Dawb (LSZH) Jacket:

  • Kev piav qhia: LSZH tsho yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas hluav taws kub kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov ntaub ntawv no tsis tso tawm cov pa phem lossis cov roj corrosive thaum muaj hluav taws kub.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Pej xeem vaj tse, tunnels, kev thauj mus los infrastructure.

5. Armoring (yeem)

Rau qee hom kab mob,armoringyog siv los muab kev tiv thaiv txhua yam los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau kev teeb tsa hauv av lossis sab nraum zoov.

• Hlau Hlau Armored (SWA) Cables:

  • Kev piav qhia: Hlau hlau armoring ntxiv ib txheej ntxiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj, siab, thiab kev cuam tshuam.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov lossis hauv av, thaj chaw uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev.

• Aluminium Hlau Armored (AWA) Cables:

  • Kev piav qhia: Aluminium armoring yog siv rau lub hom phiaj zoo sib xws li steel armoring tab sis muaj lwm txoj kev sib dua.
  • Daim ntawv thov: Sab nraum zoov kev teeb tsa, kev lag luam machinery, hluav taws xob faib.

Qee zaum, hluav taws xob cables tau nruab nrog ahlau thaiv or metallic shieldingtxheej los muab kev tiv thaiv ntxiv thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Covhlau thaivua haujlwm ntau lub hom phiaj, xws li tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam (EMI), tiv thaiv tus neeg xyuas pib, thiab muab cov av rau kev nyab xeeb. Ntawm no yog lub ntsiabhom hlau thaivthiab lawvcov haujlwm tshwj xeeb:

Hom hlau thaiv hauv Cables

1. Copper Braid shielding

• Kev piav qhia: Copper braid shielding muaj woven strands ntawm tooj liab qhwv nyob ib ncig ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub cable. Nws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau hom hlau thaiv kev siv hauv cables.
• Muaj nuj nqi:
  • Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam (EMI).: Copper braid muab kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv EMI thiab xov tooj cua cuam tshuam (RFI). Qhov no tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj suab nrov ntawm hluav taws xob.
  • Hauv av: Lub braided tooj liab txheej kuj ua hauj lwm raws li ib txoj kev mus rau hauv av, kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub buildup ntawm txaus ntshai hluav taws xob nqi.
  • Mechanical Protection: Nws ntxiv ib txheej ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab lub zog rau lub cable, ua rau nws tiv taus ntau dua rau kev puas tsuaj thiab kev puas tsuaj los ntawm sab nraud.
• Daim ntawv thov: Siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv cables, instrumentation cables, teeb liab cables, thiab cables rau rhiab electronics.

2. Aluminium Ntawv Nyiaj Shielding

• Kev piav qhia: Aluminium foil shielding muaj ib txheej nyias ntawm txhuas qhwv ib ncig ntawm lub cable, feem ntau ua ke nrog polyester lossis yas zaj duab xis. Qhov kev tiv thaiv no yog lub teeb yuag thiab muab kev tiv thaiv txuas ntxiv nyob ib puag ncig tus neeg xyuas pib.
• Muaj nuj nqi:
  • Electromagnetic cuam tshuam (EMI) shielding: Aluminium ntawv ci muab kev tiv thaiv zoo heev tiv thaiv qis zaus EMI thiab RFI, pab tswj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov teeb liab hauv lub cable.
  • Moisture Barrier: Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv EMI, aluminium ntawv ci ua raws li cov dej noo thaiv, tiv thaiv dej thiab lwm yam kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cable.
  • Lub teeb yuag thiab tus nqi-zoo: Aluminium yog sib dua thiab pheej yig dua tooj liab, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.
• Daim ntawv thov: Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas lus cables, coaxial cables, thiab low-voltage fais fab cables.

3. Combined Braid thiab Foil Shielding

• Kev piav qhia: Hom kev tiv thaiv no ua ke ob qho tib si tooj liab braid thiab txhuas ntawv ci los muab kev tiv thaiv dual. Cov tooj liab braid muaj zog thiab tiv thaiv lub cev puas tsuaj, thaum lub txhuas ntawv ci muab kev tiv thaiv EMI txuas ntxiv.
• Muaj nuj nqi:
  • Txhim kho EMI thiab RFI Shielding: Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hlua khi thiab cov ntaub thaiv npog muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv ntau yam kev cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic, kom ntseeg tau tias cov teeb liab sib kis tau zoo dua.
  • Flexibility thiab Durability: Qhov no dual shielding muab ob qho tib si kev tiv thaiv (braid) thiab high-frequency cuam tshuam tiv thaiv (foil), ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov cables hloov tau yooj yim.
  • Hauv av thiab kev nyab xeeb: Cov tooj liab braid kuj ua raws li txoj hauv kev hauv av, txhim kho kev nyab xeeb hauv kev teeb tsa cable.
• Daim ntawv thov: Siv nyob rau hauv industrial tswj cables, cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob cables, kho mob cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam kev siv uas yuav tsum tau ob leeg txhua yam muaj zog thiab EMI shielding.

4. Hlau Hlau Armoring (SWA)

• Kev piav qhia: Hlau hlau armoring yuav qhwv steel hlau nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cable lub rwb thaiv tsev, feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog rau lwm yam kev tiv thaiv los yog rwb thaiv tsev.
• Muaj nuj nqi:
  • Mechanical Protection: SWA muab kev tiv thaiv lub cev muaj zog tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, crushing, thiab lwm yam kev ntxhov siab. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau hauv cov cables uas yuav tsum tau tiv taus qhov hnyav hnyav, xws li cov chaw tsim kho lossis kev teeb tsa hauv av.
  • Hauv av: Hlau hlau kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua txoj hauv av kom muaj kev nyab xeeb.
  • Corrosion Resistance: Steel hlau armoring, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum galvanized, muaj ib co kev tiv thaiv corrosion, uas yog zoo rau cables siv nyob rau hauv hnyav los yog sab nraum zoov ib puag ncig.
• Daim ntawv thov: Siv nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim cables rau sab nraum zoov los yog underground installation, industrial tswj systems, thiab cables nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mechanical puas siab puas ntsws siab.

5. Aluminium Hlau Armoring (AWA)

• Kev piav qhia: Zoo ib yam li steel hlau armoring, txhuas hlau armoring yog siv los muab kev tiv thaiv txhua yam rau cables. Nws yog sib dua thiab raug nqi ntau dua li steel hlau armoring.
• Muaj nuj nqi:
  • Kev tiv thaiv lub cev: AWA muab kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev xws li crushing, cuam tshuam, thiab puas. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau kev teeb tsa hauv av thiab sab nraum zoov qhov twg cov cable yuav raug cuam tshuam rau cov neeg kho tshuab kev ntxhov siab.
  • Hauv av: Zoo li SWA, txhuas hlau kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab muab cov av rau kev nyab xeeb.
  • Corrosion Resistance: Aluminium muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo dua rau corrosion nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas raug dej los yog tshuaj lom neeg.
• Daim ntawv thov: Siv nyob rau hauv fais fab cables, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau nruab nrab-voltage tis nyob rau hauv sab nraum zoov thiab underground installations.

Summary of Function of Hlau Shields

• Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam (EMI).: Hlau shields zoo li tooj liab braid thiab txhuas ntawv ci thaiv tsis xav tau electromagnetic signals los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau cable lub teeb liab sab hauv kis los yog los ntawm kev khiav tawm thiab cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam khoom siv.
• Teeb liab kev ncaj ncees: Hlau shielding xyuas kom meej cov ntaub ntawv los yog teeb liab kis tau tus mob nyob rau hauv high-frequency ib puag ncig, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom rhiab heev.
• Mechanical Protection: Armored shields, txawm yog ua los ntawm hlau los yog txhuas, tiv thaiv cables los ntawm lub cev puas tsuaj los ntawm crushing, cuam tshuam, los yog abrasions, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv hnyav industrial puag ncig.
• Kev tiv thaiv dej noo: Qee hom kev tiv thaiv hlau, zoo li aluminium ntawv ci, kuj tseem pab thaiv cov dej noo los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cable, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom sab hauv.
• Hauv av: Hlau shields, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tooj liab braids thiab armored hlau, muaj peev xwm muab txoj kev hauv av, txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob phom sij.
• Corrosion Resistance: Qee cov hlau, xws li txhuas thiab galvanized steel, muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv corrosion, ua rau lawv haum rau sab nraum zoov, hauv qab dej, los yog hnyav tshuaj.

Kev siv cov hlau thaiv kab hlau rhuav:

• Kev sib txuas lus: Rau coaxial cables thiab cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob cables, kom ntseeg tau siab teeb liab zoo thiab tsis kam mus cuam tshuam.
• Industrial Control Systems: Rau cov kab hluav taws xob siv hauv cov tshuab hnyav thiab kev tswj hwm, qhov twg yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv txhua yam thiab hluav taws xob.
• Sab nraum zoov thiab Underground Installations: Rau cov fais fab cables lossis cables siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub cev puas tsuaj lossis raug mob hnyav.
• Khoom siv kho mob: Rau cov cables siv hauv cov khoom siv kho mob, qhov twg ob qho tib si teeb liab kev ncaj ncees thiab kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb.
• Kev faib hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob: Rau nruab nrab thiab high-voltage cables, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas muaj kev cuam tshuam sab nraud los yog cov neeg kho tshuab puas.

Los ntawm kev xaiv txoj cai ntawm cov hlau thaiv kev tiv thaiv, koj tuaj yeem xyuas kom koj cov cables ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev ua tau zoo, ua haujlwm ntev, thiab kev nyab xeeb hauv cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.

Cable Naming Conventions

1. Hom rwb thaiv tsev

2. Tiv thaiv hom

3. Sab hauv Liner

4. Hom Armoring

5. Txheej txheej

6. Hom neeg coj

7. Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob

8. Tswj Cables

9. Piv txwv Cable Name Breakdown

Cable Design Regulations by Region

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tsim los ntawm cheeb tsam

Cov Lus Cim Ntxiv ntawm Cov Qauv:

• Tuam Tshoj tus qauv GBfeem ntau tsom rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo, tab sis kuj suav nrog cov kev cai tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb rau Suav cov kev xav tau hauv tsev, xws li kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.

• UL cov qauv hauv Asmeskastau txais kev lees paub dav dav rau kev kuaj hluav taws thiab kev nyab xeeb. Lawv feem ntau tsom rau cov teeb meem hluav taws xob xws li overheating thiab hluav taws kub, tseem ceeb heev rau kev teeb tsa hauv ob qho tib si hauv vaj tse thiab kev lag luam.

• IEC cov qauvtau lees paub thoob ntiaj teb thiab siv thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe thiab ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb. Lawv tsom mus rau kev sib haum xeeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntsuas zoo, ua rau cov cables muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv ntau qhov chaw, los ntawm tsev mus rau cov chaw tsim khoom.

• JIS cov qauvnyob rau hauv Nyiv yog hnyav hnyav rau cov khoom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab yooj. Lawv cov kev cai ua kom cov cables ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev lag luam thiab ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb.

Covsize standard rau conductorsyog txhais los ntawm ntau yam thoob ntiaj teb cov qauv thiab cov kev cai los xyuas kom meej qhov tseeb qhov ntev thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov conductors rau kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo hluav taws xob kis tau tus mob. Hauv qab no yog lub ntsiabconductor size standard:

1. Conductor Size Standards by Material

Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov hluav taws xob conductors feem ntau txhais raws li covcheeb tsam hla ntu(hauv mm²) orntsuas(AWG lossis kcmil), nyob ntawm thaj tsam thiab hom khoom siv (tooj liab, txhuas, thiab lwm yam).

a. Copper conductors:

• Hla ntu ntu(mm²): Feem ntau cov tooj liab yog qhov loj los ntawm lawv qhov chaw hla ntu, feem ntau yog los ntawm0.5 mm² os to 400 mm² oslos yog ntau dua rau cov kab hluav taws xob.
• AWG (American Wire Gauge): Rau cov ntsuas ntsuas me me, qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog sawv cev hauv AWG (American Wire Gauge), xws li24 AWG(hlau heev nyias) mus txog4/0 AWG(hlau loj heev).

b. Aluminium Conductors:

• Hla ntu ntu(mm²): Aluminium conductors kuj ntsuas los ntawm lawv qhov chaw hla ntu, nrog ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg los ntawm1.5 mm² os to 500 mm² oslos yog ntau dua.
• AWG: Aluminium hlau qhov ntau thiab tsawg feem ntau yog los ntawm10 AWG to 500 kwm.

c. Lwm yam conductors:

• Rautinned tooj or aluminiumcov xov hlau siv rau kev siv tshwj xeeb (xws li marine, industrial, thiab lwm yam), tus qauv loj ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib kuj tau qhia hauvmm² os or AWG.

2. International Standards for Conductor Size

a. IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) Cov Qauv:

• TS EN 60228: Cov qauv no qhia txog kev faib cov tooj liab thiab txhuas cov khoom siv hauv cov kab hluav taws xob insulated. Nws txhais cov conductor qhov ntau thiab tsawg hauvmm² os.
• IEC 60287 (TSI): Npog qhov kev suav ntawm qhov ntsuas tam sim no ntawm cov cables, suav nrog tus neeg xyuas pib qhov loj me thiab qhov rwb thaiv tsev hom.

b. NEC (National Electrical Code) Standards (US):

• Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, lubNECqhia qhov ntau thiab tsawg tus neeg xyuas pib, nrog ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg los ntawm14 AWG to 1000 kwm, nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov (xws li, thaj chaw, kev lag luam, lossis kev lag luam).

c. JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards):

• TIAB SA 3602: Cov txheej txheem no txhais cov neeg xyuas pib loj rau ntau cov cables thiab lawv cov khoom siv sib xws. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog feem ntau muab rau hauvmm² osrau tooj liab thiab txhuas conductors.

3. Conductor Size Raws li qhov ntsuas tam sim no

• Covmuaj peev xwm nqa tam sim nontawm tus neeg xyuas pib nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, rwb thaiv tsev hom, thiab qhov loj me.
• Rautooj liab conductors, qhov loj feem ntau yog nyob ntawm0.5 mm² os(rau cov ntawv thov tam sim no tsawg xws li cov teeb liab xov hlau) rau1000 mm² os(rau high-power kis tau tus mob cables).
• Raualuminium conductors, qhov ntau thiab tsawg feem ntau yog los ntawm1.5 mm² os to 1000 mm² oslos yog siab dua rau cov ntawv thov hnyav.

4. Cov qauv rau kev siv cable tshwj xeeb

• Saj zawg zog conductors(siv nyob rau hauv cables rau tsiv qhov chaw, industrial robots, thiab lwm yam) tej zaum yuav muajme me hla ntutab sis yog tsim los tiv thaiv rov flexing.
• Hluav taws kub-resistant thiab tsawg pa taws cablesfeem ntau ua raws li cov qauv tshwj xeeb rau tus neeg xyuas pib qhov loj kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, xws liIEC 60332 (TSI).

5. Kev xam qhov loj ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib (tus qauv qauv)

Covtus neeg xyuas pib lojtuaj yeem kwv yees siv tus qauv rau qhov chaw hla ntu:

Luas (mm²) = 4π × d2

Qhov twg:

• $dd$

  d = txoj kab uas hla ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib (hauv mm)

• Thaj chaw= cross-sectional cheeb tsam ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib

Summary of Type Conductor Sizes:

Cable Hla-Section Area vs. Gauge, Kev ntsuas tam sim no, thiab kev siv

Kev piav qhia ntawm kab:

1. Qhov chaw hla ntu (mm²): Qhov chaw ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib hla ntu, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov xaim muaj peev xwm nqa tau tam sim no.
2. AWG Gauge: American Wire Gauge (AWG) tus qauv siv rau sizing cables, nrog cov lej ntsuas loj dua qhia cov xov hlau nyias.
3. Kev ntsuas tam sim no (A): Qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no lub cable tuaj yeem nqa tau yam tsis muaj cua sov, raws li nws cov khoom siv thiab rwb thaiv tsev.
4. Kev siv: Cov ntawv thov ib txwm siv rau txhua qhov loj me, qhia txog qhov twg cov cable feem ntau siv raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub zog.

Nco tseg:

• Copper conductorsfeem ntau yuav nqa cov kev ntsuas tam sim no ntau dua piv raualuminium conductorsrau tib qhov chaw hla ntu vim tooj liab zoo dua conductivity.
• Covcov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev(piv txwv li, PVC, XLPE) thiab ib puag ncig yam tseem ceeb (piv txwv li, qhov kub thiab txias, ambient tej yam kev mob) tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cable lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no.
• Lub rooj no yogqhiathiab cov qauv hauv zos thiab cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom raug qhov loj me.

Txij xyoo 2009,Danyang Winpower Hlau thiab Cable Mfg Co., Ltd.tau plowing mus rau hauv lub teb ntawm hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob xaim rau ze li ntawm 15 xyoo, accumulating ib tug nplua nuj ntawm kev lag luam kev paub thiab technology innovation. Peb tsom mus rau kev nqa cov khoom zoo, txhua qhov kev sib txuas thiab kev daws teeb meem rau kev ua lag luam, thiab txhua yam khoom tau raug lees paub nruj los ntawm European thiab Asmeskas cov koom haum tso cai, uas tsim nyog rau kev sib txuas cov kev xav tau hauv ntau yam xwm txheej.Our pab neeg tshaj lij yuav muab koj nrog ntau yam kev qhia thiab kev pabcuam rau kev sib txuas cables, thov hu rau peb! Danyang Winpower xav koom tes nrog koj, kom lub neej zoo ua ke.