Solar System Hom: Nkag siab Yuav Ua Li Cas Lawv Ua Haujlwm

1. Taw qhia

Lub hnub ci fais fab tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam dua thaum tib neeg nrhiav txoj hauv kev txuag nyiaj ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab txo lawv qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig. Tab sis koj puas paub tias muaj ntau hom kev siv hluav taws xob hnub ci?

Tsis yog txhua lub hnub ci ua haujlwm ib yam nkaus. Qee qhov txuas nrog cov kab hluav taws xob, thaum lwm tus ua haujlwm tag nrho ntawm lawv tus kheej. Qee tus tuaj yeem khaws lub zog hauv cov roj teeb, thaum lwm tus xa hluav taws xob ntxiv rov qab rau hauv daim phiaj.

Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav piav qhia peb lub ntsiab ntawm lub hnub ci fais fab hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim:

1. On-grid hnub ci system(tseem hu ua grid-tied system)
2. Off-grid solar system(stand-alone system)
3. Hybrid hnub ci system(hnub ci nrog roj teeb cia thiab kab sib txuas)

Peb tseem yuav rhuav tshem cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lub hnub ci thiab lawv ua haujlwm ua ke li cas.

2. Hom Solar Power Systems

2.1 On-Grid Solar System (Grid-Tie System)

An on-grid hnub ci systemyog hom hnub ci tshaj plaws. Nws txuas nrog rau daim phiaj hluav taws xob pej xeem, txhais tau tias koj tseem tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kab sib chaws thaum xav tau.

Nws ua haujlwm li cas:

• Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tsim hluav taws xob thaum nruab hnub.
• Cov hluav taws xob siv hauv koj lub tsev, thiab ib qho hluav taws xob ntxiv raug xa mus rau hauv daim phiaj.
• Yog tias koj lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tsis tsim hluav taws xob txaus (zoo li thaum hmo ntuj), koj tau txais hluav taws xob los ntawm daim phiaj.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm On-Grid Systems:

✅ Tsis xav tau lub roj teeb kim kim.
✅ Koj tuaj yeem khwv tau nyiaj lossis qiv nyiaj rau cov hluav taws xob ntxiv uas koj xa mus rau daim phiaj (Feed-in Tariff).
✅ Nws yog pheej yig dua thiab yooj yim rau nruab dua li lwm lub tshuab.

Kev txwv:

❌ Tsis ua haujlwm thaum muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (blackout) vim kev nyab xeeb.
❌ Koj tseem nyob ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob.

2.2 Off-Grid Solar System (Stand-Alone System)

An off-grid solar systemyog ywj siab kiag li ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob. Nws tso siab rau lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thiab roj teeb los muab lub zog, txawm tias hmo ntuj lossis thaum hnub huab cua.

Nws ua haujlwm li cas:

• Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tsim hluav taws xob thiab them cov roj teeb thaum nruab hnub.
• Thaum tsaus ntuj lossis thaum huab cua, cov roj teeb muab lub zog khaws cia.
• Yog tias lub roj teeb khiav qis, feem ntau xav tau lub tshuab hluav taws xob thaub qab.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Off-Grid Systems:

✅ Zoo meej rau thaj chaw deb uas tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau hauv daim phiaj hluav taws xob.
✅ Kev ywj pheej tag nrho-tsis muaj nqi hluav taws xob!
✅ Ua haujlwm txawm tias thaum tsaus ntuj.

Kev txwv:

❌ Cov roj teeb kim kim thiab xav tau kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua.
❌ Lub tshuab hluav taws xob thaub qab feem ntau xav tau rau lub sijhawm huab cua ntev.
❌ Yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj kom muaj lub zog txaus txhua xyoo.

2.3 Hybrid Hnub Ci System (hnub ci nrog roj teeb & daim phiaj sib txuas)

A hybrid hnub ci systemmuab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ob qho tib si on-grid thiab off-grid systems. Nws txuas nrog rau daim phiaj hluav taws xob tab sis kuj muaj lub roj teeb cia.

Nws ua haujlwm li cas:

• Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tsim hluav taws xob thiab muab lub zog rau koj lub tsev.
• Ib qho hluav taws xob ntxiv them cov roj teeb es tsis txhob mus ncaj qha rau daim phiaj.
• Thaum tsaus ntuj lossis thaum tsaus ntuj, cov roj teeb muab lub zog.
• Yog tias cov roj teeb tsis muaj, koj tseem tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob los ntawm daim phiaj.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Hybrid Systems:

✅ Muab lub zog thaub qab thaum tsaus ntuj.
✅ Txo cov nqi hluav taws xob los ntawm kev khaws cia thiab siv lub hnub ci zog kom zoo.
✅ Muaj peev xwm muag hluav taws xob ntxiv rau daim phiaj (nyob ntawm koj qhov teeb tsa).

Kev txwv:

❌ Cov roj teeb ntxiv cov nqi ntxiv rau qhov system.
❌ Ntau qhov kev teeb tsa yooj yim dua piv rau cov kab sib chaws.

3. Hnub ci Cheebtsam thiab lawv ua haujlwm li cas

Txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob hnub ci, tsis hais hauv-grid, off-grid, lossis hybrid, muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws. Cia peb saib seb lawv ua haujlwm li cas.

3.1 Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag

Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog ua los ntawmphotovoltaic (PV) celluas hloov lub hnub ci rau hauv hluav taws xob.

• Lawv tsimdirect tam sim no (DC) hluav taws xobthaum raug tshav ntuj.
• Ntau panels txhais tau tias muaj hluav taws xob ntau.
• Tus nqi ntawm lub zog lawv tsim nyob ntawm lub hnub ci siv, vaj huam sib luag zoo, thiab huab cua puag.

Lus Cim Tseem Ceeb:Solar panels tsim hluav taws xob los ntawmlub teeb zog, tsis kub. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txawm tias nyob rau hnub txias ntev npaum li muaj hnub ci.

3.2 Hnub Ci Inverter

Solar panels tsimDC hluav taws xob, tab sis tsev thiab kev lag luam sivAC hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog qhov twghnub ci inverterlos nyob rau hauv.

• Lub inverterconverts DC hluav taws xob mus rau AC hluav taws xobsiv hauv tsev.
• Hauv ibon-grid los yog hybrid system, lub inverter kuj tswj cov kev khiav ntawm hluav taws xob ntawm lub tsev, roj teeb, thiab kab sib chaws.

Qee qhov system sivmicro-inverters, uas yog txuas rau ib tug neeg lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag es tsis txhob siv ib tug loj central inverter.

3.3 Distribution Board

Thaum lub inverter hloov hluav taws xob rau AC, nws raug xa mus rau lubfaib board.

• Lub rooj tsavxwm no coj hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv sib txawv hauv tsev.
• Yog tias muaj hluav taws xob ntau dhau, nws yogthem roj teeb(hauv off-grid lossis hybrid systems) lossismus rau daim phiaj(hauv cov kab sib chaws).

3.4 Hnub ci roj teeb

Hnub ci roj teebkhaws cov hluav taws xob ntau dhaukom nws siv tau tom qab.

• Lead-acid, AGM, gel, thiab lithiumyog hom roj teeb ntau.
• Lithium roj teebyog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab kav ntev tab sis kuj tseem kim tshaj plaws.
• Siv hauvtawm-daim phiajthiabhybridsystems muab lub zog thaum hmo ntuj thiab thaum tsaus ntuj.

4. On-Grid Solar System nyob rau hauv nthuav dav

✅Feem ntau pheej yig thiab yooj yim rau nruab
✅Txuag nyiaj ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob
✅Muaj peev xwm muag hluav taws xob ntxiv rau daim phiaj

❌Tsis ua haujlwm thaum tsaus ntuj
❌Tseem nyob ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob

5. Off-Grid Solar System nyob rau hauv nthuav dav

✅Tag nrho lub zog ywj pheej
✅Tsis muaj nqi hluav taws xob
✅Ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb

❌Cov roj teeb kim heev thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob thaub qab xav tau
❌Yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tsim los ua haujlwm hauv txhua lub caij

6. Hybrid Solar System nyob rau hauv nthuav dav

✅Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ob lub ntiaj teb - roj teeb thaub qab thiab kab sib txuas
✅Ua haujlwm thaum tsaus ntuj
✅Muaj peev xwm txuag tau thiab muag ntau lub zog

❌Tus nqi pib siab dua vim muaj roj teeb cia
❌Kev teeb tsa ntau dua piv rau on-grid systems

7. Cov lus xaus

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob hnub ci yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los txo cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab ua kom zoo dua ib puag ncig. Txawm li cas los xij, xaiv hom kev kaw lus zoo nyob ntawm koj lub zog xav tau thiab pob nyiaj siv.

• Yog koj xav tau ayooj yim thiab pheej yigqhov system,on-grid hnub ciyog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
• Yog koj nyob athaj chaw debtsis muaj kab sib chaws nkag,off-grid hnub ciyog koj txoj kev xaiv xwb.
• Yog koj xav taubackup zog thaum tsaus ntujthiab tswj hwm koj cov hluav taws xob ntau dua, ahybrid hnub ci systemyog txoj kev mus.

Kev nqis peev hauv lub hnub ci zog yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntse rau yav tom ntej. Los ntawm kev nkag siab tias cov tshuab no ua haujlwm li cas, koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov uas haum rau koj txoj kev ua neej zoo tshaj plaws.

FAQs

1. Kuv puas tuaj yeem nruab lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yam tsis muaj roj teeb?
Yog lawm! Yog koj xaiv ibon-grid hnub ci system, koj tsis xav tau roj teeb.

2. Lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag puas ua haujlwm rau hnub huab cua?
Yog lawm, tab sis lawv tsim hluav taws xob tsawg vim tias muaj hnub ci tsawg.

3. Lub hnub ci roj teeb kav ntev npaum li cas?
Feem ntau cov roj teeb kav ntev5-15 xyoo, nyob ntawm seb hom thiab kev siv.

4. Kuv puas tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab hybrid yam tsis muaj roj teeb?
Yog lawm, tab sis ntxiv lub roj teeb pab khaws lub zog ntau dhau rau kev siv tom qab.

5. Yuav ua li cas yog tias kuv lub roj teeb puv?
Nyob rau hauv ib tug hybrid system, ntxiv zog yuav raug xa mus rau hauv daim phiaj. Nyob rau hauv ib tug off-grid system, fais fab tuag nres thaum lub roj teeb puv.